Whārangi 1: Haurongo
Te Rei Hanataua, Hōne Pīhama
?–1890
Nō Ngāti Ruanui; he kaingārahu, he āteha, he kaiahu whenua, he kaiwhiwhi hōtēra, he kaitupu whenua
I tuhia tēnei haurongo e Ian Church, ā, i tāngia tuatahitia ki Ngā Tāngata Taumata Rau i te 1993. He mea whakamāori nā Ngā Tangata Taumata Rau.
He tamaiti tuarima a Hōne Pīhama Te Rei Hanataua nā Mōaho Te Rei rāua ko Tūmahuki, ā, hei irāmutu hoki a ia ki a Te Rei Hanataua, te rangatira o Tangāhoe. Nō te wāhanga tuarua o te rau tau 1800‑-1899 ka tū ko Pīhama hai kaingārahu mō Ngāti Tama-ahuroa, hapū o Ngāti Ruanui ki Ōeo i Taranaki. He ihumanea nōna ki ngā takahuri kaipakihi, mahi whenua hoki, i tōtika ai tōna hapū i muri mai.
Nō te tekau tau mai i 1820 pea te wā i whānau ai a Pīhama. I riro nā tētehi mihinare o te Rōpū Hāhi Mihinare (Church Missionary Society) a ia i iriiri, ā, tapaina ana ko Hōne Pīhama (John Beecham) Pātohe. Ko Te Ngohi anō tētehi o ōna īngoa e mōhiotia ana. Nō te 26 o Tīhema 1847 i moea e ia a Hepi ki Waokena. Ko Pāora Matangi Ōrupe rāua ko Hāromi ā rāua tamariki. Ko te 6 o Hepetema me te 22 o Noema 1857 ngā rangi i iriiria ai ngā tamariki nei ki Waokena. Nō muri ka moea e ia a Rāhiri. Tokotoru, tokowhā pea ā rāua tamāhine, ko Te Onetū, ko Tekenui, ko Hinemataura ngā īngoa. Ākuanei pea ko Rangitaniwha anō tētehi o ngā īngoa o Hinemataura.
Nā te mea i tuhia, i mōhiotia ai he kura māhita mō te Hāhi Mihinare te mahi a Pīhama ki Whareroa i te tau 1859. Ehara a Pīhama i te tangata whawhai pērā i tana taina, ko Pātohe anō tōna īngoa, i whai i ngā pakanga ki Nukumaru me Taiporohēnui i Taranaki i te tau 1865‑‑66. I ētehi wā, nā te rite o ngā īngoa, ka pōhēhētia ko Pīhama a Pātohe. Nō te marama o Hune 1865 ka tūtaki a Pīhama rāua ko te kōmihana ā‑iwi a Te Pāriha (Robert Parris) i te awa o Waingongoro. Nō muri mai, ka whakahauraro a ia ki te kāwanatanga i Ōpunake. Ka mutu ka hoatu he whenua mō rātou ko āna apataki ki Ōeo, e 500 eka te rahi. Otirā kūrarurarutia ana te whenua nei, tautohea ana e Taranaki iwi te tuakoi. Ahakoa tonu, whakatūria tonutia e Pīhama he whare nui ki reira i te tau 1866‑‑67, ko Ōmuturangi te īngoa.
I te tau 1868‑‑69 whiwhiu kē mai ana a Pīhama i ngā kawenga ā‑riri a Tītokowaru ki Taranaki ki te tonga. Huri kē ana a ia ki te āwhina i te kāwanatanga. Ki te whakaaro o te kāwanatanga ko te kaiwhana hoki mai tēnei, arā, i te taenga ake kua hoa ngangahau, kua hoa pirihonga hoki ki te kāwanatanga. Riro noa i a ia te mahi harihari i ngā pānui whakaatu a te kāwanatanga. I te whakaekenga o te rāihe i Turuturumōkai i te marama o Hūrae 1868, ka riro nā Pīhama i kawe tuatahi mai te kōrero ki Nū Pāremata (New Plymouth). I te mahinga o te huarahi e whai rā i te takutai moana, paheko ana a Pīhama i a Te Pāriha. Nō te tau 1871 i whakatuwheratia ai te huarahi. Atu i Pēpuere o te tau 1874 ki Pēpuere o 1877 ko Pīhama te kaiharihari mēra atu i Te Hāwera ki Nū Pāremata. I ētehi wā ko ia te kaitiaki mō ngā kōti waka e ahu pērā ana mā ngā whenua kairiri haere ai. Ko ia anō hoki i te āwhina i ngā mahi hokohoko whenua mai a Te Pāriha rāua ko tana whakakapi, ko Meiha Hāre Parāone (Charles Brown). Ahakoa ka tohungia atu e Pīhama, hokona atu ana e Parāone ngā poraka whenua o Toko me Ngaere.
Mai i te tau 1868 ki 1880 e £8,636 te nui o te moni i utua ki a Pīhama mō āna nei mahi. Ko tētehi wāhi o tēnei ko te £50 ā‑tau i utua ki a ia mō āna mahi āteha. Nō muri mai ka piki ki te £lOO. Nō te tau 1868 te kī taurangi a Te Retimana (J. C. Richmond, arā, e 2,200 eka te rahi o te whenua ka hoatu e te kāwanatanga mā Pīhama. Kāti, hui katoa e 3,138 eka te whenua i Ōeo me Pātea i whakawhiwhia ki a ia me tōna iwi. Ēngari ko te wāhi i riro tika tonu i a Pīhama e 2,268 eka te nui. He piri nōna ki te kāwanatanga, i taea ai e Pīhama te whakaruru te iwi o Tītokowaru i tō rātou hokinga mai i te hukitau o Waitara, i muri mai i te tau 1871.
Hau ana te rongo o āna mahi whakapakari kaipakihi, ahu whenua hoki i Ōeo. Ko tōna hoa pakihi i ngā mahi ahu whenua i reira ko Kāpene Thomas Good (nō muri mai ka rīhitia e Pīhama ētehi o ōna whenua ki a Good). Nā Pīhama i whakatū he hōtēra ki Ōeo, ā, nāna anō i whakahaere te kōti waka i waenga i Ōeo me Te Hāwera. I te mātohatohatanga o te tāone o Normanby i te tau 1875, hoatu ana e Pīhama he whenua. I te tau 1881 nāna anō i tuku he whenua mō te teihana rerewē. Nāwai rā, kua tino whakawhirinaki te kāwanatanga ki a ia. Kia tae kau a ia ki te hui nui a ngā kāhui amorangi ki Waitara, e £200 te utu a te kāwanatanga i a ia i te marama o Hune 1878. E ai ki ngā pūrongo mōna o taua hui, kātahi te tangata kaha tere, kaha pukumahi ko tēnei. Nō Hūrae o taua tau anō i puta i a Pīhama te whakaatu o te tutūtanga o te puehu ki Waitara. Ka taka ki Hepetema whakawā haere ai a Pīhama i te kōhurutanga o tētehi o te rōpū rūri whenua a te kāwanatanga, arā, o John McLean, i mate rā i Moumāhaki. E meatia ana nā Hīroki, o Ngā Rauru pea, i patu. I te tau 1880 i tae a Pīhama ki ngā hui katoa a te Kōmihana o Te Tai Hauāuru kōrero ai. I te wā o te Kōmihana i reira, i noho ngā mema i ngā kāinga i whakatūria e Pīhama ki Ōeo. I te wā e whakatakotoria ana te tāone o Pīhama, hei whakamaumahara ki a ia ka tapaina ko Pīhama.
I te tekau tau mai i 1860 kīhai a Pīhama i tautoko i te kawenga ā‑riri a Tītokowaru ki te kāwanatanga. Ko te āhua nei he rangirua ōna whakaaro mō te kaupapa tohe kūpapa tonu a Te Whiti-o-Rongomai. Ahakoa kāore i tautokona e ia te nuinga o ngā mahi a Te Whiti, i haere tika āna moni i tana mahi āteha ki te pūtea ake o Parihaka. Nāna anō hoki i manaaki rātou e haere atu ana, e hoki mai ana i ngā hui i reira. Ahakoa ōna nei whakaaro mō te poropiti, mārama tonu te tautoko a tana wahine me āna tamāhine i a Te Whiti. I Noema o 1881, ka mate tētehi o ngā tamāhine a Pīhama, i a ia e whakatau ana kia tae a ia ki Parihaka. Kua oti kē rā i te pāpā te kī atu kia kaua e haere. Ruarua noa nei ngā tau i muri mai, ka mate anō hoki ko tana wahine, ko Rāhiri pea tēnei. I aituā te waka kōti e whakahoki mai ana i a ia i Parihaka. I Tīhema o 1880 ko Pīhama te hoa haere atu ki Parihaka o te tuarā o te kāwana, o Kāpene L. F. Knollys. Ēngari horokukū ana tēnei haerenga o Pīhama. E toru kē ō rāua hokinga atu ki te whakakīkī i a Te Whiti kia tangohia e ia te reta a te kāwana ki a ia. Kīhai i taea. I te rangatūtanga atu o ngā hōia ki Parihaka i Noema o te tau i muri mai, kīhai a Pīhama i whakatata atu. Ēngari nō muri mai ka whakatau a ia ki te whakakīkī i ngā tāngata kia hokihoki ki ō rātou kāinga.
I te tau 1884 ka whakatūria e Pīhama te whare nui, ko Tipua-horo-rangi te īngoa, ki Ōeo. I te 13 o Hūrae 1884 ka riro nā Tītokowaru i hiki te kawa. He pāngia nōna e te mate, kāpō ake hoki, i nohonoho tonu ai a Pīhama i Ōeo. E rima rā i mua i tōna matenga nāna i tono kia tukua a ia kia mate ki Parihaka. Kātahi ka haria atu i Ōeo ki reira. Nō te 1 o Āperira 1890 i hemo ai. E 65 tau pea te pakeke. Ki tā te rongo kōrero nō te whakahemohemotanga ka tahuri a ia ki te whakapono a Te Whiti. Kei Parihaka a ia e tāpuke ana.
E kaha tautohetohetia ana te āhua o ngā mahi a Pīhama i Taranaki i ngā tekau tau e rua mai i 1870. Otirā, nā tōna mōhio ki ngā mahi tōrangapū, kaipakihi hoki, i tōtika kē ake ai tōna iwi i ērā o ngā iwi o Taranaki.