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Kōrero: Te Kiri Karamū, Hēni

Whārangi 1: Haurongo

Te Kiri Karamū, Hēni

1840–1933

Nō Te Arawa, nō Ngāti Uenukukōpako; he wahine whai mana, he kaiwhakaako, he toa wahine, he kaiwhakamāori

I tuhia tēnei haurongo e Steven Oliver, ā, i tāngia tuatahitia ki Ngā Tāngata Taumata Rau i te 1990. He mea whakamāori nā Ngā Tangata Taumata Rau.

Nō Ngāti Uenukukōpako rāua ko Ngāti Hinepare, hapū o Te Arawa, a Hēni Te Kiri Karamū; arā anō ōna īngoa ko Hēni Pore (Jane Foley), ko Jane Russell. He uri whakaheke ia nō Ngātoroirangi, o runga i a Te Arawa. I whānau pea ia i te 14 o Noema 1840 i Kaitāia, ki te wāhi i haria ai tana whaea, a Maraea (arā ētehi o ana īngoa ko Pihohau, ko Pikokau rānei), e Ngā Puhi, i a ia e tamariki ana, i te horonga o Mokoia. Kāore e mōhiotia ana te īngoa o te pāpā o Hēni. Ko ia e kī ana ko Russell tōna pāpā; e whakahuangia ana te roanga atu o tana īngoa kei roto i ngā kōrero poroporoaki, ko Richard Russell, he tangata hokohoko i ngā taputapu mō ngā kaipuke, mai i Sunderland, i Ingarangi. Kei te tiwhikete whakaatu i tana matenga e mau ana ngā kōrero, ko tana pāpā ko Thomas William Kelly, he kāpene nō ngā kaipuke, nō Airana.

E noho ana a Hēni i te kāinga o Te Karu Whā (Henry Williams) i Paihia i te tau 1845. I kite ia i te tahunga o Kororāreka (Russell). Ka nukuhia rātau ko tana whānau ki Ākarana (Auckland) whakamaru ai. Ka noho ana pākeke ki reira, ēngari anō ia, he mea hari e tana whanaunga, e Ārona, ki Maketū. I akona ia ki te kura o Te Hāpimana (Thomas Chapman) rāua ko tana wahine, ko Anne Maria Chapman, i Te Ngae, i Rotorua, i mua o tana hokinga ki Ākarana i te tau 1849. I reira ka haere ki ngā kura mihinare e rua. Ko tētehi he kura e noho mō ngā tamariki Māori, ko te Rōpū Māori (Native Institution) o Three Kings. He tau nōna ki te reo Māori, ki te reo Pākehā me te reo Wīwī, kātahi ka noho ia ki reira hei kaiwhakaako, hei kaitiaki tamariki hoki. Nō te hekenga o ana pakeke ki Te Tai Tokerau, ka haere anō hoki a Hēni. I reira ka moe ia i a Te Kiri Karamū o Ngāti Rangiteaorere, o Te Arawa, he kari kāpia tana mahi. I noho rawa mai ki Katikati, i te rohe o Mātaatua. I whānau ā rāua tamariki ki Katikati, e toru ngā tāne, e rua ngā wāhine. He whawhai nō rāua ki a rāua, ka whakarērea e Hēni tana tāne i te tau 1861, ka haria ā rāua tamariki ki Maraetai ki te taha o tana whaea noho ai.

Nō te tīmatanga o te pakanga i Waikato i Hūrae o 1863, e tautoko ana a Hēni Te Kiri Karamū rātau ko tana whānau i te Kīngitanga. I whawhai tahi rātau ko Ngāti Koheriki i ngā pae maunga o Hūnua. Ko Ngāti Koheriki, he wāhanga nō Ngāti Pāoa. Ko Wī Kōkā tō rātau ngārahu. Ko ngā hoa haere o Hēni i taua wā, ko tana taina, ko tō rāua whaea, me ngā tamariki a Hēni. E hia nei ngā wiki e whawhai motumotu ana, ka whakarōpūpū a Ngāti Koheriki i a rātau, takitahi ki tēnā rōpū, takitahi ki tēnā rōpū, kia māmā ai te whakatahi ki Waikato. Nō te 14 o Tīhema, ka hinga tētehi o ngā rōpū nei i Ōtau, i te taha whakararo o te awa o Wairoa. I whakahāwea rātau ki ngā tohutohu a te tohunga ki te huarahi tika hei whai mā rātau. Ka riro i te hoariri te haki, he whero, he hiraka, ko te īngoa o runga, ko Aotearoa; nā Hēni Te Kiri Karamū i hanga mō Wī Kōkā. Kei te whare taonga o Ākarana (Auckland Institute and Museum) e pupuri ana i nāianei. Ka whakahuihui anō te iwi nei i te mātāpuna o te awa o Mangatāwhiri, kātahi ka mārō tā rātau haere ki te tonga. Nō te kitenga kua karapotia rātau e ngā putanga a te hoariri, kātahi ka noho rātau i te ngāherehere, i tētehi awaawa hōhonu ki te tonga ngawī o te awa o Wairoa. Ko ā rātau kai he miere ngahere, he wai mātao, ka mutu. Kei tahuna he ahi, kei pūhia rānei he manu hei kai, kua kitea rātau e ngā hōia Pākehā. Nō tētehi pō, ka puta rātau i ngā putanga hōia. I te piri o te ara ki ngā tūtei, ka rongohia atu rātau e taki kōrero ana. Ka kautū haere mā te repo, kātahi ka whakawhiti i te moana o Waikare mā te waka. Ka tohutohungia e Te Raihi, he kaihautū nō Ngāti Hauā, kia haere ki te kāinga o Wiremu Tāmihana Tarapīpipi, kei Pēria, e tata ana ki Matamata. I reira ngā tāngata a te Kīngitanga e huihui ana, ā, huri noa te raumati i te tau 1863–64. Ā, i taua wā e whakamāori ana a Hēni Te Kiri Karamū i ngā pukapuka a ngā hōia Pākehā i kāwhakina mai ki a Wiremu Tāmihana.

Nō te tau 1864, ka whakauru atu a Hēni Te Kiri Karamū rātau ko Ngāti Koheriki ki te ope o te Kīngitanga i te pā o Te Tiki-o-TeIhingarangi, i Maungatautari. Ka hinga a Ōrākau i te 2 o Āperire, ka whakarērea te pā nei, kātahi ka whai i te ope o Ngāi Te Rangi ki Tauranga. Nō te marama o Hānuere, ka ū ngā hōia a te Pākehā ki Tauranga ki te ārai atu i ngā haumi o te Kīngitanga mai i Te Tai Rāwhiti.

I maumaharatia ai a Hēni Te Kiri Karamū i roto i ngā kōrero tawhito, nā tana uru-ā-tinana ki roto i ngā whawhai i Pukehinahina, arā, i tā te Pākehā, 'The Gate Pā', i te 29 o Āperire 1864. I whakahaungia e Rāwiri Puhirake ngā wāhine i āwhina i te mahi whakatūtū tūwatawata i Pukehinahina, kia whakatahi rātau i mua o te kōkiritanga a te ope Pākehā. Kore rawa a Hēni i pīrangi ki te whakarere i tana tungāne, i a Neri. He wahine mana nui hoki, tū tonu. Tata tonu ia ka mate i te matā tuatahi i rere mai; heoi, nā te tohunga, nā Tīmoti Te Amopō, ia i kukume iho ki roto i te rua i te kitenga atu i te muranga o te pū-repo. Ka mahue ki roto i te pā ngā hōia i taotū i te kauparetanga atu i te Pākehā. Ka manaakitia i runga i ngā tikanga i whakatakotoria rā e Rāwiri Puhirake rāua ko Hēnare Taratoa, he kaiako mihinare, i mua o te tīmatanga o te whawhai. E whakainumia ana e Hēni Te Kiri Karamū a Kānara H. J. P. Booth me ētehi atu i taotū, ki te wai me tōna mōhio iho tērā ia te pūhia. Kei ētehi kōrero, nā Hēnare Taratoa kē ngā hōia i whakainu.

Nō muri i te pakanga i Pukehinahina, ka haere a Hēni Te Kiri Karamū ki Rotorua, ka noho ki Hapokai i Mokoia. Nō ngā tau 1865–66 i whawhai ia ki te Pai Mārire; ka haere i te taha o tana pāpā, i a Mātenga Te Ruru, i te taha o te kāwanatanga. I Te Rotoiti ka mau hereheretia a Hōri Tūpaea, te rangatira o Ngāi Te Rangi, e whakawhiti ana i te rohe o Te Arawa, e haere ana ki Te Tai Rāwhiti ki te āwhina i a Kereopa Te Rau, te kaihautū o ngā Hauhau. Nō muri mai ka whawhai a Hēni Te Kiri Karamū i te taha o te ope o Te Arawa, nā Te Mea, (Meiha William Mair) i ārahi. E pakanga ana ki te Hauhau i Matatā me Te Teko, e tata ana ki Whakatāne.

Ka mutu ngā whawhai, ka moe a Hēni Te Kiri Karamū i a Denis Stephen Foley, nāna te hōtēra i Maketū, ko ia te kaiwhakahaere i te toa mā ngā hōia i reira. Nō te 28 o Tīhema 1869 tō rāua mārena i Maketū. Ko Hēni Pore tōna īngoa i nāianei. Ka puta ō rāua uri, tokotoru ngā wāhine, tokotoru ngā tāne. I te tau 1870, ka heke rātau ki tētehi pāmu i Katikati. Nō taua wā nei anō, ka haere a Hēni Pore ki te kura minita. I noho anō rātau ki Hauanu, i Mokoia, he whenua tuku iho i tana tupuna, i a Whakatauihu. Ka hangaia he whare mō tana whaea ki reira. I nohoia anō hoki te whenua ki Pātoroa, i whakahaerengia rā e tana tama, e Rangiteaorere Te Kiri, hei pāmu.

Nō te 20 o Noema 1870, kātahi ka haere atu a Denis Foley, he tangata porohaurangi hoki, ka tahuri ki te patu i a Hēni ki te toki tapahi manga rākau; ka whati tana ringa, ka motumotu katoa tana māhunga me te tinana. Kātahi ka kī e mākutu ana a Hēni i a ia. Kawea ana ki te whare pōrangi i Ākarana (Auckland Provincial Lunatic Asylum). Nō muri ka tono a Hēni ki te ture kia kaua e tukuna kia hoki mai; ka homai e te kāwanatanga hei aroha ki a ia, 10 hereni i te wiki.

He wā i muri mai, ka hoki a Hēni ki Rotorua. I hokona e ia tētehi whenua 30 eka te nui i Katikati i te tau 1888, heoi, i noho ia i Rotorua ā mate noa. I a ia ka kaumātuatia, ka noho hei kaiwhakamāori. I uru atu anō ia ki ngā mahi a ngā wāhine Karaitiana, whakatapu waipiro (Women's Christian Temperance Union) hoki. I noho anō hei hēkeretari mō te mīhana Māori me te Uniana o Rotorua. E rima ngā whakatupuranga o tana whānau i tōna matenga i te 24 o Hune 1933, i te hōhipera i Rotorua (King George V Hospital). Kei te urupā i Rotorua e tāpuke ana. E maumaharatia ana ngā mahi aroha a te Māori i Pukehinahina. Kei runga i te pānui rino kei roto i te whare karakia i reira, kei runga hoki i te wini kua whakairohia i te whare karakia i Lichfield Palace, kei Ingarangi.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Steven Oliver. 'Te Kiri Karamū, Hēni', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, first published in 1990. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/mi/biographies/1t43/te-kiri-karamu-heni (accessed 29 March 2024)