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Pōmare, Hāre

by Steven Oliver

Biography

He tamāhine nō Ngāpuhi a Hariata nā Pikimani Tūtapuiti o Te Ahuahu, pātata atu ki Ōhaeawai. Ko tana tāne ko Hāre, tama a Pōmare II, he rangatira nō Ngāpuhi anō, nō Ngāti Manu. Ka moe atu rāua, ka tūpono ki te haere a tētahi rōpū Māori e whakawhiti ana ki Ingarangi i te tau 1863. Ko William Jenkins tō rātou kaiwhakahaere. Ko tērā Pākehā he kaikauwhau i roto i te Hāhi Wēteriana; he kaiwhakamāori i ngā take kāwanatanga ā-porowini i Whakatū (Nelson). Nāna anō i whakatakoto ngā kaupapa mē ngā mahi mā te rōpū. Ko tāna he kauwhau i ngā mahi a te Māori, ko tā te rōpū, he whakaata i ngā waiata me ngā haka. Ēngari ko tana tino kaupapa kē, he mau i ngā Māori kia kite i ngā āhuatanga o Ingarangi – ōna taonga, ōna mana, ōna kaha.

Tekau mā whā ngā Māori i whakapatipatingia e Jenkins kia whakauru ki tana rōpū. Ko ngā mea o Ngāpuhi, ko Tere Hāriata Te Iringa, Horomona Te Atua, Hāriata Pōmare, Hāre Pōmare, Kamariera Te Hautākiri Wharepapa, Reihana Te Taukawau, Hirini Pākia, Wiremu Pou (ko Wiremu Te Wana rānei, Te Whai rānei), Hariata Haumu, me Paratene Te Manu. Ko ngā mea o ngā iwi kē, ko Kihirīni Te Tuāhu nō Tūhourangi, Hūria Ngāhūia nō Ngāti Whanaunga, Tākerei Ngāwaka nō Ngāti Tūwharetoa, Hāpimana Ngāpiko nō Te Āti Awa. Nō te 5 o Pēpuere 1863, ka tere atu tō rātou kaipuke, te Ida Ziegler, i Tāmaki-makau-rau (Auckland).

E ai ki ngā kōrero a Reihana Te Taukawau, ko tō rātou nohoanga i runga i te kaipuke, ko te wāhanga iti rawa te utu. Hēmanawa atu rātou; i te mōrikarika ki a rātou kai. He muia e te ngārara. Porowhiua atu ana ki te moana. Mei kore ake ngā hōia e hoki ana ki Ingarangi, i whai kai ai rātou. Ko te kōrero a Reihana Te Taukawau: 'Tino raru kē mātou i tēnā autaia [i a Jenkins]. I kī mai ia ka noho tahi mātou, ka kai tahi mātou. Kāore ia, noho kē mai ana ia i tawhiti.' I noho kē mai a Jenkins i te nohoanga ātaahua, i te wāhi nui te utu. Ko te mutunga iho, i wairangihia a Hāriata Haumu, ka heria ki te whare pōrangi i Ingarangi.

I tau atu te rōpū nei ki Rānana (London) i te 18 o Mei 1863. Na, tino pai te haere o ngā mahi ngahau i te tīmatanga. I tūtaki rātou ki te mātāmua o ngā tama a Kuini Wikitōria (Victoria), ki te Piriniha o Wēra me tana wahine. Maha atu ngā mea tauhou i kite rātou, pēnei i te 'opera', i te tereina i te teihana ki Wikitōria – anō he ngārara maitai! I tae rawa rātou ki te Royal Arsenal – te putunga o ngā rākau whawhai o Ingarangi. Ki te Pēke o Ingarangi. Ki te wāhi e tiakina ana ngā kararehe o ngā whenua tawhiti, hei mātakitaki mā te tini o te tangata, arā, ki te Zoological Gardens, i Regent's Park. I pōwhiritia rātou hei manuhiri tūārangi ki ngā kāinga o ngā tāngata rangatira o Rānana. Kātahi anō rātou ka mōhiotia he tangata ka manaakitia rawatia. Ko ō rātou kākahu mē ā rātou taonga whakapaipai nō te ao Māori tūturu. Ka mātakitakina e tauiwi.

Ka mahi rātou i a rātou mahi whakangahau, kāore i whai whakaaro me utu rawa. Ēngari anō a Jenkins i whai tonu ia i te moni kia ea ai ana whakaritenga. Nō te kāwanatanga o Ingarangi te whakaaro kei te takahia te mana o ngā Māori e Jenkins i roto i ana whakahaere; ēngari kīhai rātou i āwhina i taua tangata, i te mea kīhai a Kāwana Hōri Kerei (George Grey) i whakaatu ki a rātou mō taua tira haere atu. Āu mahi a te tangata nanakia! Ka tohe tonu a Jenkins mā te kāwanatanga o Ingarangi e utu ngā taimahatanga, i te mea e haere ana ngā Māori hei kanohi mō Aotearoa ki tērā whenua. Ka whakatūria he komiti hei kohi moni hei āwhina i te rōpū. Ā, ka kōrerohia i te mea e hara rātou i te rōpū mahi moni, ka whakaaengia rātou kia tūtaki ki a Kuini Wikitōria.

Ko Jenkins, tohetohe tonu ki te kauwhau, ki te whakaatu i ana whakaahua, me te rōpū hoki kia waiata, kia haka, hei mahi moni. Ka whakapaengia kei te mahi nanakia tonu ia ki ngā Māori. Kāore hoki rātou i utua, ā, i whakanohoia rātou ki te whare tiaki i te hunga rawakore. I tua atu, ka whakaroa rawatia atu tā rātou noho i Ingarangi, ahakoa kua puta noa atu tō rātou hiahia ki te hoki mai ki Aotearoa nei.

Nō te marama o Hūrae, 1863, ka mauria te rōpū ki te kāinga o te Kuini, ki Osborne House, i te Isle of Wight. Ka mātau te Kuini kei te kōpū a Hariata ka mea ko tana hiahia ko ia hei matua-atua mō te tamaiti a Hāriata mā. I muri mai, ka wehe a Hāriata rāua ko Hāre i te rōpū, ka haere ki te kāinga o Erihāpeti Koreneho (Elizabeth Colenso), i Tottenham, noho ai. Nā te Kuini i utu tā rāua noho i reira.

Nō te 26 o Oketopa 1863, ka whānau a Hariata i tana tamaiti, ka tapaina ki ngā īngoa o te tāne a te Kuini pouaru, ko Albert Victor. Ko ia pea te tamaiti Māori tuatahi i whānau ki Ingarangi. Ka tukuna mai e te Kuini he taonga mā Hariata me tana tama. He moni mā te whaea, he taputapu hiriwa mā te tamaiti whānau hou – he kapu, he pune, he paoka, he naihi, i roto i te pouaka hiako koti, pouaka kākāriki.

I iriirihia a Albert Victor ki te Whare Karakia o Paora, i Tottenham, i te 3 o Tīhema 1863. Aoake, ka mauria te whānau a Hariata ki Windsor Castle kia kite i te Kuini me ana tamāhine. Ka mīharo te Kuini ki te tamaiti, ka patapatai ki a Erihāpeti Koreneho ki te hauora o te whaea. Ka whakapuaki te Kuini i tōna āwangawanga ki ngā pakanga i Aotearoa, me tōna tūmanako kia mutu wawe.

I tono rawa ia kia tangohia ō rātou whakaahua; ā, i hoatu he kākahu mō rātou. Nō te rā o te Kirihimete 1863, ka wehe mai te whānau a Pōmare i runga i te kaipuke, i te Statesman. Nā te Kuini i utu te hokinga mai, nā reira, pai nei tā rātou haere. Koia mai rā anō! E whā marama e tere mai ana, ka tae mai ki Tāmaki-makau-rau i te 7 o Mei 1864.

Ko te hunga i mahue atu i Ingarangi, i haere tonu ā rātou mahi. Ahatia te maha o ngā tangata i hui mai kia kite i ā rātou mahi, kīhai i tino whai moni. Ā, i te tino kino o ngā tautohetohe ki tā rātou Pākehā, ka whakarērea rātou e taua nanakia. I roto i ēnei taumahatanga, ka rauhītia rātou e tētahi wahine rangatira, whai mana, e Dorothea Weale. Nāna i whakahau mā te tari mō ngā whenua o tāwāhi (Colonial Office) e whakarite tō rātou hokinga mai ki te wā kāinga. I te poroporoakitanga i a rātou i Birmingham, ka whakaputa a Reihana Te Taukawau i tō rātou pōuri, me tōna wehi ki te nanao atu ki ngā taonga i ūwhia mai ki a rātou. Ko tāna, pai kē kia hoatu aua taonga ki te tangata nāna rātou i mau mai ki Ingarangi. Nāna kē hoki ngā moni i pau. Nō te 4 o Āperire 1864, ka maunu mai rātou, i runga i te Flying Foam. I te moana, ka whānau ko te wahine Pākehā a Kamariera Te Hautākiri Wharepapa, ko Elizabeth Reid. I te hokinga mai nei anō, ko Tākerei Ngāwaka, ko Hāpimana Ngāpiko ngā aituā. Tokorua rāua i tanumia atu ki te moana. He mea aroha tēnei. Nā te wā i tohu te ngaronga atu o ēnei tāngata. Nā te wā anō i hōmai ngā tamariki whānau hou a te rōpū. 'Mate atu he tētē, arā mai he tētē.' Nō te 13 o Hūrae 1864, ka tau mai ngā mōrehu ki Aotearoa nei.

I te tau 1869, ka tae mai te tama tuarua a Kuini Wikitōria, a te Tiuka o Edinburgh, ki tēnei whenua. I te huihuinga o ngā iwi ki Te Tai Tokerau, ka tūtaki rāua ko te tamaiti nei ko Albert Victor Pōmare. Ka pakeke ake, ka kuraina ia ki te Kura o Tīpene, i Ākarana. Anā, ko te tūmanako o te Kuini kia whakawhiti atu ia ki Ingarangi, ka whakauru ki te taua moana a te Karauna (Royal Navy). Kei te takoto ngā kōrero o tana whakawhititanga ki tāwāhi i a ia ka taitama. Heoi anō, kāore i tua atu.

Kāore tonu i roa i muri i te hokinga mai o Hāre Pōmare i Ingarangi i te tau 1864, ka mate i te hōhipera i Pōneke (Wellington). I kīia i moe anō a Hariata. Nō Ngāti Huia ō Ōtaki tana tāne. Na, kāore i tae ki te tau 1870 ka mate a Hariata.


He whakaaturanga anō

Rārangi pukapuka

    Jenkins, W. 'Journal of a visit of Maori chiefs to England, 1863--64'. MS. WTU

    Macgregor, M. Petticoat pioneers. Book 1. Wellington, 1973

    Mackrell, B. Hariru Wikitoria! Auckland, 1985


Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Steven Oliver. 'Pōmare, Hāre', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, first published in 1990. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/mi/biographies/1p21/pomare-hare (accessed 29 March 2024)